Drs. Salvatore Pais and John Brandenburg participate in a joint discussion of Pais’ new publication on the “Superforce” and it’s relationship to the Pais Effect. Dr. Pais has described the “Superforce” as a “Fundamental Force of Unification” that can also described as the “Planck Force”, and is found in the field equations of Einstein’s General Relativity theory. Dr. Brandenburg has discussed the the Pais paper in past events, and in this presentation he will discuss it jointly with Dr. Pais to provide context on how to harness it for propulsion applications.

Sal presents a simple equation (C⁴/G = energy gradient) connecting Planck and horizon scales, linking it to the Dirac large number hypothesis and challenging conventional physics. He argues this superforce, derived from reinterpreting the Schrödinger equation, is present at the Planck scale and is crucial for understanding the universe’s fundamental workings.

The discussion delves into the nature of time, spacetime, and the implications of the superforce, including the possibility of a superintelligent, sentient plasma universe. Debate ensues regarding the interpretation of general relativity, quantum mechanics, and the nature of vacuum energy. The conversation touches upon the work of several prominent physicists, including Roger Penrose, Frank Wilczek, and Abhay Ashtekar, and explores alternative cosmological models. Finally, the speakers discuss the potential for paradigm shifts in our understanding of the universe and the implications of a superintelligent entity.

A New Force Emerges

The conversation begins with an introduction to Sal’s “superforce” theory, praised by John for its elegant simplicity and profound implications. Sal highlights the theory’s predictive power, claiming it accurately forecast the Higgs boson mass before experimental verification. He then introduces the core equation: C⁴/G = energy gradient at Planck and horizon scales. This equation, he argues, is intrinsically linked to the Dirac large number hypothesis, suggesting its validity would lend significant support to the hypothesis. The discussion centers on the concept of an “energy gradient” as a novel way to describe force within systems whose dynamic states remain largely unknown.

Deconstructing the Schrödinger Equation

Sal then tackles the Schrödinger equation, offering a simplified explanation for a single particle in an external field. This section addresses a challenge posed by David Chester regarding the imaginary part of the equation, focusing on the equation’s inherent mathematical simplicity and the equal importance of all its terms from a physics perspective. Sal argues that physics should dictate mathematics, not the other way around. By equating terms within the equation, he derives the de Broglie wavelength and connects the superforce to the Planck scale, emphasizing its presence within both the Schrödinger and Dirac equations.

The Planck Scale and the Fabric of Spacetime

The discussion expands to explore the Planck scale and its relationship to the superforce. A key analogy emerges: the Planck scale is likened to the unchanging bottom of a deep bucket, while the universe’s observable phenomena are represented by the rippling surface. This section also touches upon Sal’s 2004 paper, which revises Hal Puthoff’s PV model, leading to a variable density function instead of variable impedance. The conversation highlights the Planck force, found in Einstein’s general relativity, as a crucial parameter operating in both classical and quantum realms.

Challenging Established Paradigms

The conversation directly challenges mainstream physics, questioning the conventional understanding of spacetime. Sal argues that Einstein’s general relativity is remarkably close to a final solution, requiring only a link between the very small and very large scales – a link his superforce equation aims to provide. The discussion also delves into the nature of vacuum energy, with differing opinions on its materiality and the implications for quantum field theory and general relativity.

Time, Entropy, and the Universe’s Evolution

The discussion then shifts to the complex and often debated topic of time. Different perspectives are explored, including the views of Lee Smolin, Julian Barbour, and Carlo Rovelli. The conversation touches upon the nature of physical time, its potential multidimensionality, and the role of entropy in the universe’s evolution. The possibility of a contracting universe, rather than an expanding one, is also considered, highlighting the importance of interpreting equations correctly and acknowledging potential paradigm shifts.

Superintelligence and the Triarchy of Creation

The conversation takes a fascinating turn, exploring the possibility of a “superintelligence” arising from the universe’s fundamental structure. Sal proposes a “triarchy of creation”: superforce, super bang, and superintelligence. This concept is contrasted with deterministic views of the universe, leading to a discussion of time travel, Boltzmann brains, and the potential sentience of plasma. The conversation concludes with book recommendations and a final reflection on the importance of open-mindedness and interdisciplinary collaboration in scientific inquiry.

Conclusion

This discussion offers a compelling challenge to established physics. Sal and John’s ideas, while radical, are presented with a rigorous mathematical framework and a clear desire to foster dialogue and further exploration. Whether you agree with their conclusions or not, their work encourages a critical re-examination of fundamental concepts and opens exciting avenues for future research. The conversation leaves the reader pondering the profound implications of a universe governed by a superforce, potentially leading to a super bang and the emergence of a superintelligence.